Pressure-plate for polishing and surfacing plastic material.



PATBNTED JUNE 2,1003. i

01m; PLASTIC MATERIAL. ED D30. 6. 1902. 0

V} L. DUN-NE. LISHING AND SU FILLED MAR.17-. 1900. B

PRESSURE PLATE F0 APPLIUA ITO-MODEL.

Quorum awvewtpz: z'ncentl.

UNITE STATES Patented June 2, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

PRESSURE-PLATE FOR POLISHINGAND SURFACING PLASTIC MATERIAL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 730,102, dated June 2,1903.

Application filed'March 17, 1900. RenewtclDeoember 6, 1902- Serial No.134,202. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, VINCENT L. DUNNE, a citizen of the United States,residing in the borough of Brooklyn, city of New York, county of Kings,and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pressure-Plates for Polishing and Surfacing Plastic' Material,of which the following is a specification.

It is a common practice to subject celluloid, paper, cardboard, or otherplastic material to pressure between opposing pressure parts for thepurpose of calendering or polishing the surface of the material treated,and it has also been a common practice to place suitable designs uponone or both of the opposing pressure parts for the purpose of producingcorresponding designs upon one or both surfaces of the material to betreated. Prior to my invention the pressure parts have been commonlygiven an electrically-deposited'coating or facing of nickel, with a viewof maintaining them in the highly-burnished condition necessary for theproduction of a smooth and polished surface upon the material treated. Aplate or pressure part having such an electrically-deposited coatingofnickel, while superior to an nncoated plate, is defective, owing;

to the thinness of the. electrically-deposited coating and the imperfectunion between it and the backing, in that the coating rapidly wears awayand peels off under the pressure and corrosive action to which it issubjected,

hand, the initial cost of a pressure part ontirely composed of nickel'ornickel alloy is such asto preclude its use.

My invention therefore has for its object to produce at a small cost apressure part having a face of nickel or nickel alloy thereon,

thereto.

vc ordance with this invention.

the nickel face being capable of receiving a great amount of wear and ofbeing reburnished from time to time andwhich can have produced thereondesigns in intaglio or cameo after the nickel face has been formed andfor these purposes my invention consists of a pressure part forsurfacing plastic material haying a nickel or nickel-alloy face weldedto a backing and produced by working down a compound ingot of nickel ornickel alloy and iron or steel, &c., to the proper thickness, wherebythe nickel or nickel-alloy face becomes thoroughly welded to andincorporated with the iron or steel backing, so that the nickel ornickel-alloy face will not under the pressureand corrosive action towhich it is subjected in use scale or peel from its backing and wherebya pressure part constructed as herein stated may have its nickel ornickel-alloy face rehurnished from time to time and "whereby suitabledesigns may be stamped upon or in a compound pressure-plate produced asabove without cracking the facing or effecti nga separation thereof fromits backing.

In the following specification and claim I will refer to the coating orfacing as of nickel, although it is obvious and within the scope of myinvention to use a coating of nickel alloy, and in a like maunerI willrefer to'the backing as of steel, although it is obviousv and within thescope of my invention to use a backing of iron or copper or any metal towhich nickel may be welded.

Referring to the accompanyingv drawings, in which corresponding partsare designated by similar marks of reference, Figure l represents apress such as may be used in surfacing and polishing cards or plates ofcelluloid having my improved pressure part applied Fig. 2 is a sectionthrough a com: pound ingot suitable for use in producing my improvedpressure-plate. Fig. 3 is a section througha pressure-plate constructedin ac- Fig. 4 is a section through a pair of rolls such as used forcalendering, having my invention applied thereto. 1

In Fig. 3 I have shown my invention as embodied in a flat pressure-plateA, and in these figures, a designates a backing of relae tivelycheapmaterial,such as steel,and b b facings of nickel ornickel alloy, theproportionate thickness of the backing and facings in the ingot beingthe same as in the finished plate. In the production of the finishedplate a compound ingot, such as is shown in Fig. 2, is heated and whilehot is worked down (as by repeatedly passing it through suitable rolls)by which its thickness and the thickness of each of the layers of whichit is composed is reduced until a plate A, suitable for use in themanner herein stated, is produced. Under the simultaneous action of heatand pressure in the working down the facings b b will become welded toand even incorporated with the backing (L, so that no line of unionbetween the layers (0 and Z) b can be discovered and so that under noconditions occurring in practice will the facing b 1) scale off. Asillustratitnz, the relative proportions of backing and facing that maycompose the compound ingot, I cite, without restricting myselfthereto,an ingot havinga facingthereon of a thickness equal to one-tenthto onesixtieth of thethickness of the backing. Such an ingot when rolleddown to the form of a pressure-plate, as shown in Fig. 3, may have thenickel facing thereon one one-hundredth of an inch thick when theingotfrom which it was forged has a facing one-tenth of the thickness ofthe backing. The thickness of the facing of the pressure-plate may,however, be made much less, being even thinner than anelectrically-deposited coating, (which is seldom over one five-hundredthof an inch thick,) without destroying the advantages possessed by thewelding of the face to the backing. Thus plates having a welded face oneone-thousandth of an inch thick will be found durable and capable ofbeing reburnished. In the drawings, however, the proportionate thicknessof the facings has been exaggerated for the purpose of betterillustration.

In Figs. 2 and 3 I have shown the ingot and plate rolled therefrom ashaving a facing 1) on each side thereof; but it is obvious that only oneside of ingot or plate may be faced.

Two fiat pressure-plates, such as the one shown in Fig. 3, may beinserted in a screw or other press B, as is shown in Fig. 1, and a sheetor sheets of the plastic material C, such as celluloid, to be surfacedor calendered may be inserted therebetween and pressure applied.

It is obvious that instead of the pressureplate A being flat it may becurved. Thus in Fig. 4: I have shown the pressure parts in the form ofcalendering-rolls A A, between which a sheet 0 of the material to becalendered maybe fed, each roll being formed from a compound ingot ofnickel and steel and having a face Z) of the nickel surrounding a steelcore a, to which it is welded and with which it is incorporated in themanner before described.

It is obvious that only a single pressure part having a nickel face,such as the plate A or the roll A, may be used, the opposing pressurepart being of any desired material, and that owing to the character ofthe nickel face on a pressure part constructed in accordance with thisinvention such face may be burnished from time to time as it becomespitted or uneven from wear.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

As an improved article of manufacture, the hereinbefore-describedpressure part for polishing and surfacing plastic material, consistingof a nickel face and a backing of other meta1,welded and incorporatedtogether, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

VINCENT It. DUNN E.

Witnesses:

M. S. EYLAR, PAUL VAN DIEMEN.

